}  We have learnt to expect that trains will be punctual. After years of conditioning, most of us have developed an unshakable faith in railway timetables. Ships may be delayed by storms; flights may be cancelled because of bad weather, but trains must be on time.Only an exceptionally heavy snowfall might temporarily dislocate railway services. It is all too easy to blame the railway authorities when something does go wrong. The truth is that when mistakes occur, they are more likely to be ours than theirs.

}  The seminar originally scheduled for today has been cancelled

    这个本来定在今天的研讨会被取消了。
cancel 取消；如果说你电话不用了，要取消，就可以用这个词；本来约好的事情你想去，取消约会，也可以用这个词。

}  All/far/way
all too easy 这里的all 是用来形容 too 的。too 是副词，那么 all 肯定也是副词。口语里边用来形容too 用得更多的是way, 它的意思还是too
It‘s obviously way too early for us to be having that conversation.
很明显，我们现在说这些话太早了。
You’re thinking about this way too much.
too much 本来就是太多的意思，这里加上way，再次形容“太多”
Things are getting way out of control.
本来事情是无法控制了，用了way ,即又形容了一次，加强了无法控制的程度。

}  After consulting my railway timetable, I noted with satisfaction that there was an express train to Westhaven. It went direct from my local station and the journey lasted mere one hour and seventeen minutes.When I boarded the train, I could not help noticing that a great many local people got on as well. At the time, this did not strike me as odd. I reflected that there must be a great many local people besides myself who wished to take advantage of this excellent service.

}  为什么 couldn’t help doing sth 是禁不住做某事

   这句话为什么翻译成这个意思——

}  因为这里的help是 control 的意思

}  Neither was I surprised when the train stopped at Widley, a tiny station a few miles along the line. Even a mighty express train can be held up by signals. But when the train dawdled at station after station, I began to wonder, It suddenly dawned on me that this express was not roaring down the line at ninety miles an hour, but barely chugging along at thirty. One hour and seventeen minutes passed and we had not even covered half the distance. I asked a passenger if this was the Westhaven Express, but he had not even heard of it. I determined to lodge a complaint as soon as we arrived.

}  No Wonder
I began to wander 我开始怀疑；开始纳闷；开始犯嘀咕。No wonder 没有什么感到奇怪的；难怪。
M: Can you believe the way Larry was talking to his roommate?  No wonder they don’t get along.
你知不知道Larry 是怎么跟他的roommate 说话的，难怪他们合不来。
M: Well,  maybe Larry was just reacting to something his roommate said. There are two sides to every story you know.

    嗯，可能Larry 的roommate 说了些什么不好的话，所以他才这样反应。你知道的，每一个故事都有两个版本。

}  Two hours later, I was talking angrily to the station master at Westhaven. When he denied the train’s existence, I borrowed his copy of the timetable. There was a note of triumph in my voice when I told him that it was there in black and white. Glancing at it briefly, he told me to look again. A tiny asterisk conducted me to a footnote at the bottom of the page. It said: ‘This service has been suspended.’

}  in black and white.
白纸黑字；书面的东西
A:I’ ll take you to a movie.
B:Really? Can you put that down in black and white?
Really 是还想确定一下
A:If it’s not delivered by March 5,I’ ll pay you $100 for each day delayed.
B:Great. Will you put that in writing?
A：如果三月5号之前还不能送到的话，每耽误一天我就赔你100块钱。

   B：好啊，你敢不敢写来？；写成书面的东西。

}  We are less credulous than we used to be. In the nineteenth century, a novelist would bring his story to a conclusion by presenting his readers with a series of coincidences — most of them wildly improbable. Readers happily accepted the fact that an obscure maidservant was really the hero’s mother. A long-lost brother, who was presumed dead, was really alive all the time and wickedly plotting to bring about the hero’s downfall. And so on. Modern readers would find such naive solution totally unacceptable. Yet, in real life, circumstances do sometimes conspire to bring about coincidences which anyone but a nineteenth century novelist would find incredible.

}  Conclusion:

    结论；动词是 conclude
That concludes my presentation.
这是我加拿大的同学在做presentation 的时候说的最后一句话

}  Alive:
Thanks for being alive.

    感谢活着
Thanks giving with no turkey is like the fourth of July with no apple pie.
这是感恩节时，老师问Thanks giving 为什幺要吃 turkey；我说了这样一句话；老师说“ well said ,well said”

}  And so on: etc.
等等……

}  Naïve：

    天真的，幼稚的，反义词是——
Sophisticated

    干练的，老练的，复杂的

}  In real life:
in reality (with only these theories ,you just can’t fly in reality)
在现实生活中。有一回一位商人到我们教室讲话，说了这句话: with only these theories ,you just can’t fly in reality  这些理论在现实生活中不见得能飞起来，就是说不见得能成功。

}  Circumstances:
Noting Hill
在Noting Hill 这部电影里边最后的时候，男主人翁问了女主人翁这样的问题——
are there any circumstances in which the two of you might be more than just good friends?
有没有一种可能，你们俩会成为超过好朋友的关系？

}  Conspire:
911 conspiracy
这是一种理论；即是说911不是一种恐怖活动，是合谋策划的东西

}  Incredible:

    两个意思，第一个是字面的意思，那么下面的：
not credible
不能相信的，没有信誉度，不值得相信
great – too good to be true

     另外一个是就是这个意思，即是太好了，好得不能相信

}  When I was a boy, my grandfather told me how a German taxi driver, Franz Bussman, found a brother who was thought to have been killed twenty years before. While on a walking tour with his wife, he stoped to talk to a workman. After they had gone on, Mrs. Bussman commented on the workman’s close resemblance to her husband and even suggested that he might be his brother.

}  Taxi:
Can you send a taxi?
Where to?
在国外很多地方，你要叫taxi 是需要打电话的。那么人家会问你，where to? 去哪里？
I need a ride to L.A. international Airport.
我要去LA国际机场
When and where shall we pick you up?
什么时候，在什么地点接你？
In front the Hilton Hotel at 2 o’ clock sharp.
这里的sharp 是指两点整
Are we there yet?

    我们要到了吗？如果你觉得快到了，可以这样问司机；那么司机可能会说，we’re nearly there 快到了。
Keep the change.
你下车给钱的时候，如果收费是8块，你给了10块，然后说不用找了，就可以说 keep the change 不用找了

}  Commented:
No comment!

     没有什么可以评论的，无可奉告

}  Franz poured scorn on the idea, pointing out that his brother had been killed in action during the war. Though Mrs. Busssman was fully acquainted with this story, she thought that there was a chance in a million that she might be right. A few days later, she sent a boy to the workman to ask him if his name was Hans Bussman.

}  pointing out that his brother had been killed in action during the war:分词伴随
这是Franz 在反驳那个人的idea的时候说他的兄弟在战争中早已经牺牲了

}  There was a chance in a million that:

   这句话是指机会非常渺茫；很像托福听力里的一个组合：
W: We are supposed to meet John here at the train station.
M: That‘s like looking for a needle in a haystack.
W: 我们应该在这里遇到John。

   M: 那就像是大海捞针。

}  So if you haven’t already had it, chances are you’re gonna get it.

    这句话是说，比如说这个病你从来都没有得过，那么很有可能会得这样的意思。

    chances are 后面跟一个句子在口语里边经常用，就是说很可能有。

}  Needless to say, the man’s name was Hans Bussman and he really was Franz’s long-lost brother. When the brothers were reunited, Hans explained how it was that he was still alive. After having been wounded towards the end of the war, he had been sent to hospital and was separated from his unit.

}  Reunited: 
family reunion
 reunion 再次团聚

}  It…that he was still alive:
Don’t drink and drive, arrive alive
No drunken driving ×
A big drunken mistake

   有一次在北京的高速公路，好象是京珠高速公路，我看到这样的一个牌子No drunken driving它其实要表达的意思是不要酒后驾驶。但是我在国外看到的是 Don’t drink and drive, arrive alive。像这样的东西，你不能那样直接去翻译；drunken的确是可以这样用，但是在这句话是不能这样用的。比如说A big drunken mistake 就是说一个喝醉酒所犯的错误。但是没有 drunken mistake 这样的说法。

}  The hospital had been bombed and Hans had made his way back into Western Germany on foot. Meanwhile, his unit was lost and all records of him had been destroyed. Hans returned to his family home, but the house had been bombed and no one in the neighbourhood knew what had become of the inhabitants. Assuming that his family had been killed during an air raid, Hans settled down in a village fifty miles away where he had remained ever since.

}  in the neighborhood:
in the vicinity
附近

}  Become of:
happened to
become of 在这里就等于happened to

}  Assuming that his family had been killed during an air raid (分词伴随)

   这里又是分词表伴随。说的是他的家人在空袭中死去了，他找了个地方安静下来。没有必要去区分到底是什么条件啊，状语什么的表伴随，没有意义。

}  The word justice is usually associated with courts of law. We might say that justice has been done when a man’s innocence or guilt has been proved beyond doubt. Justice is part of the complex machinery of the law. Those who seek it undertake an arduous journey and can never be sure that they will find it. Judges, however wise or eminent, are human and can make mistakes.

}  Those who seek it undertake an arduous journey… :

   本课的 arduous  journey 是指辛苦的，艰辛的历程
…recovering from a long and arduous journey.
(lesson44)
44课这里的arduous journey 是指坐飞机坐得很辛苦。

}  There are rare instances when justice almost ceases to be an abstract concept. Reward or punishment are meted out quite independent of human interference. At such times, justice acts like a living force. When we use a phrase like ‘it serves him right‘, we are, in part, admitting that a certain set of circumstances has enabled justice to act of its own accord.

}  it serves him right /he deserves it:
it serves him right这样一句话一般都不是什么好事，就是说他罪有应得l; he deserves it 指他应该得到的，这里可以用来指好的，也可以用来说坏的。
He deserves the best.
他应该得到最好的。
You deserve to be praised.
你应该得到表扬；得到嘉奖。
You deserve to be with someone who appreciates you, and who gets how funny and sweet and amazing, and adorable, and sexy you are.
这样的话其实是夸女孩子的。即是说，你应该跟什么样的人在一起，这个人应该是懂得怎样去欣赏你，知道你是多么的funny, 多么的sweet, 可爱和 amazing。

}  When a thief was caught on the premises of large jewelry store one morning, the shop assistants must have found it impossible to resist the temptation to say ‘it serves him right.’ The shop was an old converted house with many large, disused fireplaces and tall, narrow chimneys. Towards midday, a girl heard a muffed cry coming from behind one of the walls. As the cry was repeated several times, she ran to tell the manager who promptly rang up the fire brigade. The cry had certainly come from one of the chimneys, but as there were so many of them, the firefighters could not be certain which one it was.

}  from behind: 双介词连用
Do you think they recognize each other from in there?

   from behind 双介词连用，之前我提到过介词和副词的连用。这个例子出现了 from in there，介词，介词，副词 这样的连用。

}  They located the right chimney by tapping at the walls and listening for the man’s cries. After chipping through a wall which was eighteen inches thick, they found that a man had been trapped in the chimney. As it was extremely narrow, the man was unable to move, but the firefighters were eventually able to free him by cutting a huge hole in the wall.The sorry-looking, blackened figure that emerged, admitted at once that he had tried to break into the shop during the night but had got stuck in the chimney. He had been there for nearly ten hours. Justice had been done even before the man was handed over to the police.

}  The sorry-looking…:
 sorry-looking 本课是指哭丧的脸
…the goddess turned out to be a very
modern-looking woman.(lesson3)
modern-looking 这里是指摩登的女人
Apart from an interesting-looking carved dagger…(lesson34)sorry-looking, blackened figure that emerged…(lesson35)
sorry-looking
the only sign of life being an ugly-looking black goat…(lesson48)

The

    ugly-looking 是 good-looking的反义词

}  We have all experienced days when everything goes wrong. A day may begin well enough, but suddenly everything seems to get out of control. What invariably happens is that a great number of things choose to go wrong at precisely the same moment. It is as if a single unimportant event set up a chain of reactions.

}  What invariably happens … :

   What invariably happens is that a great number of things choose to go wrong at precisely the same moment. 在这里，what invariably happens 是主语，由于它是一个句子，那就是主语从句。is 后面是一个句子，它又是一个表语从句。下边是这个结构比较简单的例子——
What you see is what you can get.

   你看到的就是你的得到的；所见即所得。老外把它缩写成wysiwig ，听到老外这样说，你就要知道它是指这个意思。
 

}  Let us suppose that you are preparing a meal and keeping an eye on the baby at the same time. The telephone rings and this marks the prelude to an unforeseen series of catastrophes. While you are on the phone, the baby pulls the tablecloth off the table, smashing half your best crockery and cutting himself in the process.

}  Keep one eye on：
A:Would you like me to water your plants while 
 you are away?
B:Thanks for the offer, but Mark already said he‘d keep an eye on them.
 A：你不在的时候需不需要我来照顾你的花花草草？

    B：谢谢你的offer,但是Mark说他会帮我留意。

}  Catastrophes/Catastrophic
Disaster/Disastrous

   这两组词要特别注意词性不同，发音不同。
 

}  You hang up hurriedly and attend to baby, crockery, etc. Meanwhile, the meal gets burnt. As if this were not enough to reduce you to tears, your husband arrives, unexpectedly bringing three guests to dinner.

}  hang up：

   挂电话
Did you just hang up on me?

   你是不是挂我电话了？
You gotta hang up cause we‘re gonna be late.

    你得挂电话，不然我们要迟到了。

}  attend：                      
Never leave you child unattended in a shopping cart.
这句话表达的意思是不要把孩子放在购物车上，自己去购物，这样不安全

}  Unexpectedly：
Something came up unexpectedly and I can’t make it on Friday.
比如你跟别人约好了，但因为有些想不到的事发生导致不能去了，这时你就可以说这样的一句话。

}  Things can go wrong on a big scale, as a number of people recently discovered in Parramatta, a suburb of Sydney. During the rush hour one evening two cars collided and both drivers began to argue. The woman immediately behind the two cars happened to be a learner. She suddenly got into a panic and stopped her car.

}  Scale：

   在本课是规模的意思。
of our sale / of our size → Eric smith

   这里我提到Eric smith是因为他在一次访谈中说，一个公司做到我们这种规模（ of our sale / of our size ），能打败我们的只有我们自己。这是一点都不夸张的。
scale (称), Eating disorder  进食失调
 作为名词，scale 还有称东西的“称”这样的意思。有一次我的一个同学的roommate 得一种病叫做Eating disorder进食失调，或者叫饮食紊乱；她不能看到 scale,这会提醒她是不是变胖了。

}  Collide：
Collision
 

}  Panic：
Don’t panic.

   不要慌；不要着急

}  This made the driver following her brake hard. His wife was sitting beside him holding a large cake. As she was thrown forward, the cake went right through the windscreen and landed on the road. Seeing a cake flying through the air, a lorry driver who was drawing up alongside the car, pulled up all of a sudden.

}  His wife was sitting beside him :
I am hearing what you are saying.

    我在听着呢；我在听。像这种句子不能按时态来翻译。不能翻译成，我正在听你正在说的。

}  Holding:
Can you hold it for me?

    这里的hold 是拿着的意思。你可以帮我拿一下吗？
I’ll be holding you right here.
这里如果你说hold 的时候把手放在胸口，这句话就是在表达“你在我心里”的意思。

}  Thrown:
Chinese throwing star
中国古装的武打片，那些飞镖啊之类的；老外是这样表达的。

}  Windscreen: (All Weather) Windshield Wash
挡风玻璃       Windshield Wash洗刷挡风玻璃的那种液体，有冬天用的和夏天用的；all weather是指四季都可以用的。

}  All of a Sudden：Suddenly

}  The lorry was loaded with empty beer bottles and hundreds of them slid off the back of the vehicle and on to the road. This led to yet another angry argument. Meanwhile, the traffic piled up behind. It took the police nearly an hour to get the traffic on the move again. In the meantime, the lorry driver had to sweep up hundreds of broken bottles. Only two stray dogs benefited from all this confusion, for they greedily devoured what was left of the cake. It was just one of those days!

}  Vehicle：

   可以当作car 来讲，不止是指车辆
Do you have/ own a vehicle?

    你有车吗？

}  sweep up：
Clean up
 这里的副词up给我的感觉是打扫得比较彻底，干净。

}  left：
let’s pick it up where we left off.

    让我们从上一次结束的时候开始。

}  The salvage operation had been a complete failure. The small ship, Elkor, which had been searching the Barents Sea for weeks, was on its way home. A radio message from the mainland had been received by the ship’s captain instructing him to give up the search. The captain knew that another attempt would be made later, for the sunken ship he was trying to find had been carrying a precious cargo of gold bullion.

}  Taiwan is the integrated part of China.

   台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。这句话的表达意思有多种，我给出的这句话是几年前看美国新闻的时候听到的。mainland 就是我们常说的大陆，中国大陆。

}  Despite the message, the captain of the Elkor decided to try once more. The sea bed was scoured with powerful nets and there was tremendous excitement on board when a chest was raised from the bottom. Though the crew were at first under the impression that the lost ship had been found, the contents of the chest proved them wrong. What they had in fact found was a ship which had been sunk many years before.

}  A:I heard there are a few seats left for tonight show.
B:Really? I was under the impression that they were sold out a long time ago.

    A:我听说今天晚上的表演还有一些位子。

    B: 是吗？我以为好长时间以前票就卖完了。

    under the impression,前面如果是现在时，就等于I think;如果是过去式，就是I thought, 意思是表达我是怎么认为的。

}  The chest contained the personal belongings of a seaman, Alan Fielding. There were books, clothing and photographs, together with letters which the seaman had once received from his wife. The captain of the Elkor ordered his men to salvage as much as possible from the wreck.

}  photograph/photographer
后面这个词是摄影师。注意这两个词的重点发音。
A:hey,this picture doesn’t do you justice.
B:passport and driver’s license pictures never do.
A: 嘿，你这张照片照得没有你本人好看。

   B：护照和驾照照片都是这个样子。
Pictures usually flatter movie stars.

   照片通常把明星变得很好看。即是在表达人没有照片好看的意思。flatter 是个动词，夸张的赞美，倡美

}  Nothing of value was found, but the numerous items which were brought to the surface proved to be of great interest. From a heavy gun that was raised, the captain realized that the ship must have been a cruiser.

}  Numerous
numeric/ numerical
这两个词你可以当作是number 的形容词。下面是有的车起的名字，非常的大气，洋气——

}  Land Cruiser  陆地巡洋舰    

  Land Rover 路虎   

}  In another chest, which contained the belongings of a ship’s officer, there was an unfinished letter which had been written on March 14th, 1943. The captain learnt from the letter that the name of the lost ship was the Karen. The most valuable find of all was the ship’s log book, parts of which it was still possible to read.

}  log-weblog-blog

   博客一开始是log, 后来写网络日志，就说成weblog，后来简写成blog，是这样来的。还有一些词，特别是英译的词，这些译法无所谓对错，不同的地方翻译的可能不同。如——
Blog    博客-布洛格

   大陆翻译成博客；台湾好像叫布洛格
Bush    布什-布c 

    大陆翻译成布什；台湾叫做布C
New Zealand  新西兰-纽西兰

    有的地方说新西兰，有的称纽西兰，其实是一样的。
The day after tomorrow    后天-明天过后

    这个也是大陆和台湾的不同说法

}  From this the captain was able to piece together all the information that had come to light. The Karen had been sailing in a convoy to Russia when she was torpedoed by an enemy submarine. This was later confirmed by naval official at the Ministry of Defence after the Elkor had returned home. All the items that were found were sent to the War Museum.

}  Ministry of

   ministry 部；Ministry of Defence 国防部。把 defence 替换掉——
transportation/health/finance/
environment/commerce/labor

  交通部/卫生部/金融部/环保部/商业部，工商部/劳动部

}  True eccentrics never deliberately set out to draw attention to themselves. They disregard social conventions without being conscious that they are doing anything extraordinary. This invariably wins them the love and respect of others, for they add colour to the dull routine of everyday life.

}  Deliberately：
on purpose

}  Disregard：不太看重
discard：    扔掉，抛弃

}  Conventions：

   Naming conventions (myVar)

   conventions指一种习惯。在Java 给Java 的变量命名的时候,比如说，我给他命名为 myVar。这里的Var 代表的是 valuable，V是大写的，m是小写的，中间没有空格。并不是你一定要这样的做，但是大家都这样做，那么这就是Java 的 naming conventions，Java 变量的命名习惯。

}  Invariably：vary→variable→variably→invariably

    invariably 总是这样的，总是不变的。

}  Up to the time of his death, Richard Colson was one of the most notable figures in our town. He was a shrewd and wealthy businessman, but most people in the town hardly knew anything about this side of his life. He was known to us all as Dickie and his eccentricity had become legendary long before he died.

}  There are two sides to every story.
 中文常说的一面之词，那么还有另一面

}  Legend: 
(地图map/图表chart)
在地图上是作为图例的意

   思，还有一个相进的词是             

    chart；右边的就是一个

    pie chart，因为他的形状

    比较像一个pie
legends of the Fall

    电影《秋日传奇》

}  Dickie disliked snobs intensely. Though he owned a large car, he hardly ever used it, preferring always to go on foot. Even when it was raining heavily, he refused to carry an umbrella. One day, he walked into an expensive shop after having been caught in a particularly heavy shower. He wanted to buy a $300 watch for his wife, but he was in such a bedraggled condition that an assistant refused to serve him.

}  Disliked：
I like to melt stuff and dislike stuff that doesn’t melt.
我喜欢烧东西，不喜欢不能烧的东西。这是一个从句。

}  Condition →
conditional offer

   有条件的接收。比如说你想转学，但是你正在念的这所学校学科积分还没出来，这时申请另一所学校，该学校可能会给你一个conditional off，就是有条件的接收你。
conditional probability  (Statistics)

    这是统计学上的用法。A和B两个事件，当A的概率计算出来了，要计算B的概率，这时就叫做conditional probability。

}  Dickie left the shop without a word and returned carrying a large cloth bag. As it was extremely heavy, he dumped it on the counter. The assistant asked him to leave, but Dickie paid no attention to him and requested to see the manager.

}  returned carrying a large cloth bag 分词伴随

}  dumped：
dumping

   在商科上是当倾销讲。

}  Recognizing who the customer was, the manager was most apologetic and reprimanded the assistant severely. When Dickie was given the watch, he presented the assistant with the cloth bag. It contained $300 in pennies.

}  apologetic：
Problematic
systematic
注意这种构词方式

}  severely：
SARS → Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
  

}  pennies：
1  分：Penny
5  分：Nickel
10分：Dime
25分：Quarter

}  He insisted on the assistant’s counting the money before he left — 30,000 pennies in all! On another occasion, he invited a number of important critics to see his private collection of modern paintings. This exhibition received a great deal of attention in the press, for though the pictures were supposed to be the work of famous artists, they had in fact been painted by Dickie.

}  supposed：
Supposed to be some kind of irony !
比如你是一个心理医生，但是最后得了心理疾病，这就是该说法。

}  It took him four years to stage this elaborate joke simply to prove that critics do not always know what they are talking about.

}  What are you talking about?

   这是口语中很常用的。你在说什么呢？
I have no idea/don’t know what you are talking about!
我不明白你在说什么。这种用法在口语里边是宾格直接加动名词。

}  I am talking about us getting back together.

   我说咱俩重新在一起。
I am talking about you and me getting divorced.

   我在谈论咱俩离婚的事情。这里要注意这种宾格后面直接加动名词的用法。