91EN 关注英语教育

}                Mary and her husband Dimitri lived in the tiny village of Perachora in southern Greece. One of Mary’s prize possessions was a little white lamb which her husband had given her. She kept it tied to a tree in a field during the day and went to fetch it every evening. One evening, however, the lamb was missing. The rope had been cut, so it was obvious that the lamb had been stolen.

}                Tiny:
tiny ← small – big → large → huge
 这是这几个词的大小关系。

}                missing:
W:Why don’t you wear that yellow shirt that your sister gave you for your birthday.
M:I love that shirt. But it’s missing two buttons.

   这是一段来自托福听力的对话。在本课中，the lamb is missing, 是指the lamb 丢了，并不是正在丢。这段对话里头也有 missing ,说的是纽扣丢了，不能翻译成“纽扣正在丢”。从时态上说是正在进行时，但在实际运用的情况下，这种语境表达的是一种事实，一种状态。

}                When Dimitri came in from the fields, his wife told him what had happened. Dimitri at once set out to find the thief. He knew it would not prove difficult in such a small village. After telling several of his friends about the theft, Dimitri found out that his neighbour, Aleko, had suddenly acquired a new lamb. Dimitri immediately went to Aleko’s house and angrily accused him of stealing the lamb.

}                Such:
Stop/quit  being such a baby!

   不要再像个小孩子一样！

}                He told him he had better return it or he would call the police. Aleko denied taking it and led Dimitri into his backyard. It was true that he had just bought a lamb, he explained, but his lamb was black. Ashamed of having acted so rashly, Dimitri apologized to Aleko for having accused him. While they were talking it began to rain and Dimitri stayed in Aleko’s house until the rain stopped. When he went outside half an hour later, he was astonished to find that the little black lamb was almost white. Its wool, which had been dyed black, had been washed clean by the rain!

}                Had better:

   都知道表示最好怎样的意思。
W:I‘m taking John to that fancy new restaurant tonight.
M:You can’t go like that,You‘d better change.
W: 我今晚要带John 去那家新开的饭店。

   M: 你最好换套衣服再去。

}                W:Do I have to type this application?
M:You‘d better if you want to get the job.
W: 我需要打印这份申请吗？

     M: 最好是，如果你想得到这份工作的话。

}                (Being) Ashamed of having acted so rashly, 分词伴随

     这里是过去分词伴随，如果前面加上 being,就是现在分词伴随。所有的分词伴随不要给它分到底是属于让步状语伴随或是什么伴随，越分越学不好。像本课的. Ashamed of having acted so rashly, Dimitri apologized to Aleko for having accused him. 你要是非要分清楚到底是什么样的状语的话，其实这两个句子已经界定它是什么原因状语。老外说话的时候根本不会区分它到底是什么样的状语。他知道这是分词，是表示伴随。所有的这种分词状语伴随，我通称分词伴随。过去分词伴随你把它看成省略了being 的话，它就是现在分词伴随。也就是说所有的分词伴随都可以通称为现在分词伴随。